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Oakleigh Grammar School dedicates month to Greek language and culture

For another year, the Oakleigh Grammar School has dedicated the month of March to promoting Greek language and culture. 

The enthusiastic students had the opportunity to participate in many different activities throughout the month. The teachers of the LOTE Department organised different activities where students of all grades had the opportunity to take part and enrich their knowledge of the Greek language and Greek culture.

The month kicked off with the students participating in the competition organised by the Organisational Committee for Greek National Day, with the title ‘Ambassadors 200’. Students were asked to express what 1821 means to them. 

In the first week of March, students created bracelets with red and white thread, a very well-known Greek custom.

Every day, all students were learning a new word in English which had a Greek root. The high school students were very impressed that thousands of words used in their vocabulary and use every day have come from either the Ancient or Modern Greek language. Students also followed “Speak Greek in March”, with all grades making weekly oral presentations.

On Clean Monday, Primary School students made colourful kites and learn about the Apokries and Lent. Colourful kites filled the corridors of the building where the Primary school students spend most of their day.

The younger students learnt to write their names and the alphabet using clay. At the same time, they coloured in worksheets with tsoliades, Amalia and traditional tsarouchia. The students of Year 7 and Year 8 learnt about the costume of the Evzones and watched parts from the Military Parade in Athens.

On the 25th of March, students played traditional Greek games and participated in Greek dancing lessons.

Finally, in the last week of the Term, the students visited the photo exhibition of Evzones hosted by the Oakleigh Grammar school at the Conference Centre. Students were very excited to see the big pictures with the Evzones, even choosing their favourite photo.

The month of March, which is undoubtedly one of the most important for the Greeks of Melbourne, has ended, leaving the students of Oakleigh Grammar school with the best impressions and knowledge of Greek culture.

Insight or Perspective: ‘Children who succeed in the language take part in other cultural activities too’

By Eleni Elefterias

This week I discuss the benefits of sending children to take part in cultural activities such as Greek dancing, Pankration and Greek Theatre for children.

You may be sending your child to Greek school and hoping they will learn the basics and be able to at least speak with the grandparents. However, children who succeed in the language take part in other cultural activities too.

It may be as simple as attending Greek dance classes where they can make connections with other children like themselves who are also learning the language. There are many excellent Greek dance schools in so many areas throughout Sydney and it is a lot of fun for children. 

If they are sporty and you are considering sending them off to do a martial art why not consider PANKRATION, an ancient Greek form of Martial Arts that will, hopefully, once again become part of the Olympics. It is a great sport and it promotes a pride in doing something Greek that is spiritually satisfying as well as good for the body. 

And for the thespians amongst us, what better way to release the tongue and be able to articulate the language well, than to enrol in a Drama class and take part in Greek Theatre!

The Greek Art Theatre, directed by Steve Economidis offers Drama classes for children and I have seen how much fun these children have taking part in theatre productions from comedies and children’s theatre to Ancient Greek tragedies where they get to dress up in amazing costumes.

What better way for children to learn to appreciate Greek history and the Arts. At least they should attend the Greek theatre regularly throughout the year.

Without a connection to the culture language, where children can access more incidental learning experiences, the Greek language cannot survive.

*Eleni Elefterias-Kostakidis is a teacher of Modern Greek and University lecturer. 

Read Eleni Elefterias’ column ‘Insight or Perspective’ in Greek, every Saturday in The Greek Herald’s print edition or get your subscription here.

Cyprus’ halloumi cheese wins EU protection

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Cyprus has welcomed a European Union decision to recognise halloumi cheese as a product unique to the divided Eastern Mediterranean island. 

The special status guarantees that only Cypriot-made halloumi, known as hellim in Turkish, can be marketed abroad under these names.

Cypriot President, Nicos Anastasiades, said in a tweet that this was a “milestone day for #Halloumi/ #Hellim and our country.”

The prized cheese now has “a shield of protection,” Anastasiades added.

The designation, which was agreed by EU member states last week, will be formally adopted and published by mid-April, an EU spokeswoman told the AFP news agency on Tuesday.

“This is a historic achievement for Cyprus, crowning years of efforts,” said EU Health Commissioner, Stella Kyriakides, herself a Cypriot.

The move is also intended to promote unity on the long-divided island.

Halloumi cheese.

The salty cheese, which is often charred or barbecued, is the country’s top food export. Cypriot dairy farmers refer to halloumi as “white gold.”

The international market for the cheese has grown into a €224-million ($267-million) market, Cypriot Agriculture Minister, Costas Kadis, said.

Between 2017 and 2019, halloumi exports shot up 43% to 33,672 tons. The biggest halloumi importers are the UK, Sweden, Germany and Greece.

Source: DW

Margaret Skagias receives Community Recognition statement for CaringKids

Margaret Skagias has been awarded a Community Recognition Statement for her work with CaringKids, a charity dedicated to supplying toys for youth carers.

The award was given for their efforts in raising awareness and providing support to children who provide care for a family member living with a disability or illness.

“Thank you Dr  Marjorie O’Neill – Member for Coogee for all your efforts to recognise and support charity work in our community,” CaringKids said on social media.

“You have assisted CaringKids to collect donations of toys, games and puzzles for children in need and been a voice championing the recognition and support of children with caring responsibilities.”

Margaret Skagias, founder and director of ‘CaringKids’, was motivated four years ago to make sure that these children are able to enjoy their youth while taking care of their family members from home.

“We’ve recycled half a tonne of toys over the last three years and our toy boxes have travelled over 50,000 km around Australia,” Margaret Skagias said to The Greek Herald.

“It’s that one moment where you can make that difference”

Community Recognition Statements congratulate or acknowledge the achievements of people or groups in the community, recognise charity work, retirement or honours and award or express words of thanks or condolences. 

Donations for CaringKids are received at the Office of Dr Marjorie O’Neill. Find donation guide here:

https://www.caringkids.org.au/toy_donations

Theodorou family showcases the best of Greek Easter on ‘The Living Room’

Many Australians have loosely heard about the traditions that take place during Greek Easter, but unless you’ve lived it, nobody really knows. The cultural experience is unrivalled among any other global Easter celebrations and will be showcases on the Network 10 program ‘The Living Room’ this Friday at 7:30pm.

Kristina and Tim Theodorou appeared with their family on the Network 10 program to talk about how Greek easter brings their family closer than ever.

“Easter is important to us because it’s a time where we share our Greek traditions… It’s just a really special time to get everybody together and celebrate,” Kristina and Tim said on the program.

Photo: Supplied

The Greek Herald spoke with Kristina Theodorou ahead of the programs airing date to find out how Greek Easter celebrations are more unique than other cultures.

“I think it’s a really big celebration in our culture,” Kristina said to The Greek Herald.

“We’ve got a lot of traditions attached to Easter in our culture. Not only religiously, but whole build up… What we do is very different and very unique like dyeing the eggs, having god-parents and exchanging gifts and having a huge feast.”

The COVID-19 pandemic last year saw Greek Easter celebrated isolated and at home for the first time in history. However, this only made families like the Theodorou’s grateful and more excited for a more enriching experience this year.

Photo: Supplied

“We’re really looking forward to going to church and having family be able to come over and not just drop biscuits on the veranda door,” Kristina added.

“Just having our kids have their godparents come and exchange gifts as well.”

Kristina said concluded that she felt “privileged” to share her cultural heritage on The Living Room, adding that she hopes Australians will understand their traditions for the future.

Photo: Supplied

“I think it’s really important for Australians other than Greeks, Greek Australians, to see how we do it and to see our hospitality, our traditions that we passed down through this generation,” Kristina concluded.

“Being Greek Australian we really to keep to traditions as much as we can, and follow what our parents taught us. Hopefully our children do the same, but it’s really important to share it.”

All New The Living Room, this Friday at 7:30pm on 10.

Top 5 inventions and discoveries of Ancient Greek scientists

By John Voutos

1. Medicine

Hippocrates (460 – 370 BC) was a Greek doctor who studied the human body and discovered that there were scientific reasons for ailments. Hippocrates’ breakthrough in medicine include developing the theory of the four fluids, or ‘the four humours’, giving the first description of clubbed fingers, thoracic empyema, a cure for haemorrhoids, the principle of endoscopy, documented epilepsy, used the rectal speculum as a diagnostic tool to detect ailments, first understood the importance of a good diet, and pointed out the symptoms of pneumonia. Hippocrates was the first to recognise that disease occurred naturally and was not due to supernatural influences. Hippocrates teachings and practices, including the Hippocratic oath detailed in the Hippocratic Corpus, remains relevant today. 

2. Mathematics and Music  

Pythagoras of Samos (569 – 470 BC) is well-known for inventing numerology and the Pythagorean theorem. Pythagoras began his theory of numbers by discovering the numerical relationship between numbers and musical notes. Pythagoras identified the physics of intervals, or distance between notes, that form the primary harmonic system which is still used today. Particularly, Pythagoras discovered the foundations of musical tuning known as Pythagorean tuning. 

3. Heliocentrism 

Aristarchus of Samos (310 – 230 BC) first proposed the astronomical ‘heliocentrism’ model in 200 BC to suggest that the Earth revolves around the Sun. Aristarchus’s model placed the Sun at the center of the solar system with everything else, including the Earth and other plants, revolving around it. Nicolaus Copernicus, a 16th century mathematician who later went on to prove Aristarchus’s hypothesis, is often credited with the discovery. Heliocentric theory became the foundation of all modern astronomy and advanced the understanding of gravity and inertia. 

4. The water screw

Archimedes of Syracuse (287 – 212 BC), an engineer, physicist, inventor, astronomer and mathematician, invented what is commonly known today as the Archimedes screw around 250 BC. The Archimedes screw is a machine used for transferring water into irrigation ditches. The screw is widely used by agriculturalists to raise irrigation water and for land draining. In addition, Archimedes is credited for his “Eureka!” moment in which he discovered the ‘Archimedes principle’ of buoyancy, designing the Iron Claw war machine, theorising the concept of an odometer, and developing the pulley system.

5. Geometry 

Thales of Miletus (624 – 546 BC) has been credited with the discovery of five geometric theorems: that a circle is bisected by its diameter; that angles in a triangle opposite two sides of equal length are equal; that opposite angles formed by intersecting straight lines are equal; that the angle inscribed inside a semicircle is a right angle; and that a triangle is determined if its base and the two angles at the base are given. Today, Thales is most commonly remembered for his hypothesis that water is the original principle of both nature and matter. 

GCM presents new seminar: The Forgotten City of Thebes

Emeritus Professor Paul Cartledge will present an online lecture entitled The Forgotten City of Thebes, on Thursday 8th April 2021, 7.00pm, as a part of the Greek History and Culture Seminars offered by the Greek Community of Melbourne.

Thebes – the one in ancient Greece (not to be confused with its Egyptian homonym) – was a major city, both historically and mythologically. In this talk the aim is to treat both the city of Myth (Oedipus et al.) and the city of History (Epameinondas).

Thebes has suffered historiographically from being squeezed between the histories of Athens, Sparta and Alexander the Great. It suffered in another way at the hands of the latter: he had it physically destroyed, near-obliterated. For those reasons it’s been too often ‘Forgotten’.

Professor Paul Cartledge is the AG Leventis Senior Research Fellow of Clare College, and formerly the inaugural AG Leventis Professor of Greek Culture in the University of Cambridge.

He is the author, co-author, editor or co-editor of some 30 books, most recently Democracy: A Life (Oxford University Press, 2018) and Thebes: the forgotten city of ancient Greece (Picador & Abrams, 2020).

He was chief historical consultant for the BBC TV series The Greeks and the Channel 4 series The Spartans, presented by Bettany Hughes. Professor Cartledge is also a holder of the Gold Cross of the Order of Honour of Greece and an Honorary Citizen of modern Sparta. Most recently he has been awarded the Commander of the Order of Honour (Ταξιάρχης τῆς Τιμῆς), for his ‘contribution to enhancing Greece’s stature abroad’.

Stefanos Tsitsipas sees surprise exit from Miami Open

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Second seed Stefanos Tsitsipas of Greece was sent crashing out of the quarter-finals by Polish 26th seed Hubert Hurkacz as the upsets continued at the Miami Open on Thursday.

A day after top seed Daniil Medvedev was bundled out of the tournament, Tsitsipas was sent packing 2-6, 6-3, 6-4 on the Hard Rock Stadium’s Grandstand Court in 2hr 20min.

Tsitsipas exited the tournament after a tense encounter that saw the 22-year-old Greek given a time violation after the second set for taking too long to change his shirt and headband.

The world number five was also reportedly involved in a tense exchange with officials before the match after refusing to share a golf cart with Hurkacz used to ferry players to the court.

Stefanos Tsitsipas beaten 6-2 3-6 4-6 by Hubert Hurkacz in the quarterfinals of the Miami open. Photo: Getty Images

There was no sign that incident had unsettled Tsitsipas early on, however, as he dominated a one-sided first set to win 6-2.

Tsitsipas then quickly broke Hurkacz at the start of the second on the way to a 2-0 lead.

But just when it appeared the match was heading for a brisk conclusion, Hurkacz finally found his range.

After staving off two break points at 15-40 in the third game, Hurkacz went on to hold and then broke to level the set at 2-2.

Another break of serve in the eighth game put Hurkacz 5-3 up and he made no mistake on his next service game, clinching the set with an angled drop shot that left Tsitsipas scrambling to the net.

Tsitsipas demanded an appearance from the tournament supervisor at the end of the second set after being given a time warning by the umpire.

The momentum was with Hurkacz in the third and seized control with a break in the fifth game, which would ultimately prove decisive as the Pole closed out the win.

Sourced By: AFP

Metro Trains manager investigated for tipping off cleaners for ‘surprise’ COVID-19 cleaning audit

Former Metro Trains manager Peter Bollas is under investigation by Victoria’s Independent Broad-based Anti-corruption Commission (IBAC) for tipping off a cleaning company about a surprise COVID-19 cleaning audit during Melbourne’s deadly second coronavirus wave last year.

IBAC is holding an inquiry into alleged corrupt payments from a cleaning company to two public transport officials, including Peter Bollas and Transclean employee Steven Kyritsis.

Today’s IBAC hearing, ABC News reports, heard an intercepted phone call in which Mr Bollas gave advance warning to Transclean about a surprise COVID-19 cleaning audit. 

Metro Trains assured the public in March that enhanced cleaning was being undertaken on all trains “to keep people safe”.(Supplied: Metro Trains)

The tapped phone call played today revealed Mr Bollas giving dates and times of the surprise cleaning audits to Transclean employee, Steven Kyritsis, and also telling him to improve their special COVID-sanitising procedure, inferring it might not be up to standard.

“The spraying needs to get better,” Mr Bollas told Mr Kyritsis on July 13, referring to the microbial spraying mandated by Metro to reduce the risk of spreading coronavirus.

Transclean provided cleaning services to V/Line and Metro Trains, and last year Mr Bollas admitted to IBAC he received up to $150,000 in corrupt cash payments from Transclean.

“If you need to put an extra person on there … put a f***ing extra person and that’ll show your extra hours.

“Do not f*** it up.”

Mr Kyritsis responded by saying he had “redone all the documentation for North (Melbourne station), refilled, checked it”.

But under questioning at the IBAC hearing, Mr Kyritsis denied their cleaning was not adequate and public safety was at risk.

He also denied he had changed time sheets.

Sourced By: ABC News

Digital replica of the Antikythera Mechanism uncovers secrets of world’s ‘first computer’

Scientists have been working for more than a century to decipher the Antikythera Mechanism, which is a hand-powered, 2,000-year-old device used by ancient Greek’s to calculate astronomical positions.

Now researchers at University College London (UCL) believe they have solved the mystery of the ‘world’s oldest computer’ by building a digital replica with a working gear system at the front – the piece that has eluded the scientific community since 1901.

Using a combination of X-ray images and ancient Greek mathematical analysis, the team decoded the design of the front gear to match physical evidence and inscriptions etched in the bronze.

Computer model of how the Antikythera mechanism may have worked. Photograph: UCL / The Guardian.

The digital result shows a center dome representing Earth that is surrounded by the moon phase, the sun, Zodiac constellations and rings for Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.

“Ours is the first model that conforms to all the physical evidence and matches the descriptions in the scientific inscriptions engraved on the Mechanism itself,” lead researcher, Professor Tony Freeth, says in the journal Scientific Reports.

“The Sun, Moon and planets are displayed in an impressive tour de force of ancient Greek brilliance.”

Thinking behind the new research:

In 1901, divers looking for sponges off the coast of Antikythera, a Greek island in the Aegean Sea, stumbled upon a Roman-era shipwreck that held the highly sophisticated astronomical calculator.

The Antikythera Mechanism has baffled scientists for years.

The Antikythera Mechanism has since captivated the scientific community and the world with wonder, but has also sparked an investigation into how an ancient civilisation fashioned such an incredible device.

Michael Wright, a former curator of mechanical engineering at the Science Museum in London, pieced together much of how the mechanism operated and built a working replica, but researchers have never had a complete understanding of how the device functioned. Their efforts have not been helped by the remnants surviving in 82 separate fragments.

Writing in the journal Scientific Reports, the UCL team describe how they drew on the work of Wright to work out new gear arrangements that would move the planets and other bodies in the correct way. The solution allows nearly all of the mechanism’s gearwheels to fit within a space only 25mm deep.

Pictured is the digital construction of the front gear system. Photo: nature.com / UCL.

The researchers believe the work brings them closer to a true understanding of how the Antikythera device displayed the heavens, but it is not clear whether the design is correct or could have been built with ancient manufacturing techniques.

The concentric rings that make up the display would need to rotate on a set of nested, hollow axles, but without a lathe to shape the metal, it is unclear how the ancient Greeks would have manufactured such components.

“The concentric tubes at the core of the planetarium are where my faith in Greek tech falters, and where the model might also falter,” Adam Wojcik, a materials scientist at UCL, told The Guardian